ADInstruments Non-Invasive Cardiac Output (NICO) is a software extension used in cardiovascular research to estimate cardiac output without invasive procedures. It works with blood pressure recordings and calculates cardiac output in real time from a non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) signal. The software uses algorithms to derive parameters such as cardiac output, stroke volume, and vascular resistance from the recorded waveform. It is typically used with ADInstruments data acquisition systems for physiological monitoring and analysis in research or teaching environments.